Dictionary of Basic Terms in Web Design
Every day, you may encounter some new terms that are unfamiliar to you but are also an integral part of the internet. This page is for your education, and here you can find expressions and their explanations closely related to web design.
If you've ever used an application on your smartphone, computer, or the web, chances are you've used an API. API stands for Application Programming Interface, which means an interface for programming applications. It's a way for different applications
to communicate and exchange data and functions. In this text, we'll explain what an API is, how it works, and why it's important for software development.
What is API?
API is a set of definitions, protocols, and tools that enable communication between different software components. API facilitates the development and integration of applications by allowing programmers to use existing functions and data from other applications, rather than writing them themselves. For example, a social media API can allow programmers to access user profiles, posts, and messages, and use them in their applications.
How does API work?
API operates on the principle of requests and responses. When an application wants to use a function or data from another application, it sends a request via the API. This request contains information about what the application wants to do or retrieve. The receiving application checks whether the request is valid and authorized, and if it is, sends a response via the API. This response contains the result of the request, which can be data, a function, a message, or a status. The requesting application processes the response and displays it to the user or uses it for further operations.
Why is API important?
API is essential because it enables development and innovation in the software industry. API allows programmers to quickly and easily create new applications that can use functions and data from other applications. Additionally, API enables programmers to improve and upgrade existing applications by adding new features and integrations. API also enhances the user experience by allowing them to use various applications in a simple and efficient way, without the need to switch between them or repeat the same actions.
How to use API?
To use API, you need to know some basic information about it, such as:
- URL: This is the address where the API is located, and where requests are sent.
- Method: This is the way requests are sent, which can be GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, or another. Each method has its meaning and rules.
- Parameters: These are additional pieces of information sent with the request, which can be in the URL, header, or request body. Parameters can be mandatory or optional, and can affect the result of the request.
- Format: This is the way data is sent and received via the API, which can be JSON, XML, HTML, or another. Each format has its structure and syntax.
To use API, you need to make a request that contains all the necessary information and process the response you receive. You can use various tools and libraries for working with APIs, such as Postman, curl, requests, axios, and others. You can also use the API documentation, which contains all the details and examples of how to use the API.
What is API?
API is a set of definitions, protocols, and tools that enable communication between different software components. API facilitates the development and integration of applications by allowing programmers to use existing functions and data from other applications, rather than writing them themselves. For example, a social media API can allow programmers to access user profiles, posts, and messages, and use them in their applications.
How does API work?
API operates on the principle of requests and responses. When an application wants to use a function or data from another application, it sends a request via the API. This request contains information about what the application wants to do or retrieve. The receiving application checks whether the request is valid and authorized, and if it is, sends a response via the API. This response contains the result of the request, which can be data, a function, a message, or a status. The requesting application processes the response and displays it to the user or uses it for further operations.
Why is API important?
API is essential because it enables development and innovation in the software industry. API allows programmers to quickly and easily create new applications that can use functions and data from other applications. Additionally, API enables programmers to improve and upgrade existing applications by adding new features and integrations. API also enhances the user experience by allowing them to use various applications in a simple and efficient way, without the need to switch between them or repeat the same actions.
How to use API?
To use API, you need to know some basic information about it, such as:
- URL: This is the address where the API is located, and where requests are sent.
- Method: This is the way requests are sent, which can be GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, or another. Each method has its meaning and rules.
- Parameters: These are additional pieces of information sent with the request, which can be in the URL, header, or request body. Parameters can be mandatory or optional, and can affect the result of the request.
- Format: This is the way data is sent and received via the API, which can be JSON, XML, HTML, or another. Each format has its structure and syntax.
To use API, you need to make a request that contains all the necessary information and process the response you receive. You can use various tools and libraries for working with APIs, such as Postman, curl, requests, axios, and others. You can also use the API documentation, which contains all the details and examples of how to use the API.
Backend: What is it and how is it developed?
If you've ever used a website, application, or service on the internet, you've likely encountered the backend. The backend is the part of the software system that deals with processing and storing data, as well as communicating with other systems. The backend typically consists of servers, databases, applications, and APIs. In this text, we'll explain what the backend is, how it works, and how it's developed.
What is Backend?
Backend is a set of software components that work in the background, invisible to the user but essential for the system to function. The backend handles the following tasks:
- Data processing: The backend receives requests from users or other systems, processes them, and returns responses. For example, when a user enters their data on a website, the backend checks if the data is valid, if the user has the right access, and if any action needs to be taken.
- Data storage: The backend stores data in a database, which can be relational, non-relational, distributed, or another type. The database allows data to be organized, searched, updated, and deleted. For example, when a user creates an account on a website, the backend saves their data in the database for future use.
- Communication with other systems: The backend communicates with other systems via APIs, which are application programming interfaces. APIs enable the exchange of data and functions between different applications. For example, when a user wants to make a payment on a website, the backend communicates with the API of the payment service, which checks if the transaction is successful and returns a confirmation.
- Data protection: The backend protects data from unauthorized access, theft, loss, or damage. The backend uses various methods for data protection, such as encryption, authentication, authorization, security protocols, and backups. For example, when a user enters their password on a website, the backend encrypts it so that no one can read or steal it.
How does Backend work?
Backend operates on the principle of requests and responses. When a user or another system wants to do something on the software system, it sends a request via the frontend, which is the part of the system that interacts with the user. The frontend forwards the request to the backend, which processes it and returns a response. The response is then displayed to the user or another system via the frontend.
Requests and responses are sent over the internet, which is a network of connected computers. To transmit requests and responses, certain protocols, which are rules of communication, must be used. The most commonly used protocols are HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) and HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure), which enable the transmission of textual and binary data.
To identify requests and responses, certain addresses, which are unique identifiers of resources on the internet, must be used. The most commonly used addresses are URL (Uniform Resource Locator) and URI (Uniform Resource Identifier), which contain information about the location, name, and type of the resource.
To format requests and responses, certain formats, which are ways of representing data, must be used. The most commonly used formats are JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) and XML (Extensible Markup Language), which allow data to be structured and marked.
How is Backend developed?
To develop the backend, certain tools, which are software products that facilitate programming and development, must be used. The most commonly used tools are:
- Server: This is a computer that runs the backend and allows communication with other computers. The server can be physical or virtual, local or remote, public or private. The most commonly used servers are Apache, Nginx, IIS, and Tomcat.
- Database: This is software that allows data to be stored, organized, and searched. The database can be relational, non-relational, distributed, or another type. The most commonly used databases are MySQL, PostgreSQL, MongoDB, and Oracle.
- Application: This is software that allows various functions to be performed on the backend. The application can be written in different programming languages, such as PHP, Python, Java, Ruby, C#, and others. The most commonly used applications are WordPress, Django, Spring, Rails, and .NET.
- API: This is a set of definitions, protocols, and tools that enable communication between different applications. APIs can be RESTful, SOAP, GraphQL, or another type. The most commonly used APIs are Google Maps, Facebook, Twitter, and Stripe.
If you've ever used a website, application, or service on the internet, you've likely encountered the backend. The backend is the part of the software system that deals with processing and storing data, as well as communicating with other systems. The backend typically consists of servers, databases, applications, and APIs. In this text, we'll explain what the backend is, how it works, and how it's developed.
What is Backend?
Backend is a set of software components that work in the background, invisible to the user but essential for the system to function. The backend handles the following tasks:
- Data processing: The backend receives requests from users or other systems, processes them, and returns responses. For example, when a user enters their data on a website, the backend checks if the data is valid, if the user has the right access, and if any action needs to be taken.
- Data storage: The backend stores data in a database, which can be relational, non-relational, distributed, or another type. The database allows data to be organized, searched, updated, and deleted. For example, when a user creates an account on a website, the backend saves their data in the database for future use.
- Communication with other systems: The backend communicates with other systems via APIs, which are application programming interfaces. APIs enable the exchange of data and functions between different applications. For example, when a user wants to make a payment on a website, the backend communicates with the API of the payment service, which checks if the transaction is successful and returns a confirmation.
- Data protection: The backend protects data from unauthorized access, theft, loss, or damage. The backend uses various methods for data protection, such as encryption, authentication, authorization, security protocols, and backups. For example, when a user enters their password on a website, the backend encrypts it so that no one can read or steal it.
How does Backend work?
Backend operates on the principle of requests and responses. When a user or another system wants to do something on the software system, it sends a request via the frontend, which is the part of the system that interacts with the user. The frontend forwards the request to the backend, which processes it and returns a response. The response is then displayed to the user or another system via the frontend.
Requests and responses are sent over the internet, which is a network of connected computers. To transmit requests and responses, certain protocols, which are rules of communication, must be used. The most commonly used protocols are HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) and HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure), which enable the transmission of textual and binary data.
To identify requests and responses, certain addresses, which are unique identifiers of resources on the internet, must be used. The most commonly used addresses are URL (Uniform Resource Locator) and URI (Uniform Resource Identifier), which contain information about the location, name, and type of the resource.
To format requests and responses, certain formats, which are ways of representing data, must be used. The most commonly used formats are JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) and XML (Extensible Markup Language), which allow data to be structured and marked.
How is Backend developed?
To develop the backend, certain tools, which are software products that facilitate programming and development, must be used. The most commonly used tools are:
- Server: This is a computer that runs the backend and allows communication with other computers. The server can be physical or virtual, local or remote, public or private. The most commonly used servers are Apache, Nginx, IIS, and Tomcat.
- Database: This is software that allows data to be stored, organized, and searched. The database can be relational, non-relational, distributed, or another type. The most commonly used databases are MySQL, PostgreSQL, MongoDB, and Oracle.
- Application: This is software that allows various functions to be performed on the backend. The application can be written in different programming languages, such as PHP, Python, Java, Ruby, C#, and others. The most commonly used applications are WordPress, Django, Spring, Rails, and .NET.
- API: This is a set of definitions, protocols, and tools that enable communication between different applications. APIs can be RESTful, SOAP, GraphQL, or another type. The most commonly used APIs are Google Maps, Facebook, Twitter, and Stripe.
Browser: What is it and how is it used?
If you've ever visited a website, application, or service on the internet, you've probably used a Browser. A Browser is software that enables the browsing of web pages and other resources on the internet. The Browser consists of a user interface that displays the content of web pages and an engine that processes requests, retrieves data, and displays it in a format that the user can see and use. In this text, we'll explain what a Browser is, how it works, and how it's used.
What is a Browser?
A Browser is a set of software components that facilitate communication between users and web servers, which are computers that store web pages and other resources on the internet. The Browser handles the following tasks:
- Sending requests: The Browser sends requests to the web server, containing information about what the user wants to see or do on the web page. For example, when a user enters a web page address in the Browser, the Browser sends a request to the web server that stores that web page, asking it to send it.
- Retrieving data: The Browser retrieves data from the web server, which can be in various formats such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript, images, video, and others. For example, when the Browser receives a response from the web server, it downloads all the data needed to display the web page.
- Displaying data: The Browser displays data in the user interface, which consists of windows, tabs, address bar, menu bar, toolbar, and other elements. For example, when the Browser downloads all the data for a web page, it processes and displays it in the window so that the user can see and use the web page.
- Interacting with data: The Browser allows the user to interact with data on the web page, such as links, buttons, forms, animations, and others. For example, when the user clicks on a link on the web page, the Browser sends a new request to the web server, asking it to send a new web page.
How does a Browser work?
The Browser operates on the principle of requests and responses. When a user wants to see or do something on a web page, they send a request to the web server, containing information about what the user wants. The web server checks if the request is valid and authorized, and if it is, sends a response to the Browser containing the data needed to fulfill the request. The Browser processes the response and displays it to the user in the user interface.
Requests and responses are sent over the internet, which is a network of connected computers. To transmit requests and responses, certain protocols, which are rules of communication, must be used. The most commonly used protocol is HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol), which enables the transmission of textual and binary data.
To identify requests and responses, certain addresses, which are unique identifiers of resources on the internet, must be used. The most commonly used address is URL (Uniform Resource Locator), which contains information about the location, name, and type of the resource.
To format requests and responses, certain formats, which are ways of representing data, must be used. The most commonly used format is HTML (Hypertext Markup Language), which allows data to be marked and structured.
How is a Browser used?
To use a Browser, you need to know some basic information about it, such as:
- Web page address: This is the address you enter in the Browser to visit a web page. The address consists of the protocol, domain, path, and parameters. For example, the address https://www.vidanovicdesign.com is the address of a web page that contains search results for the word Browser on Google.
- Tab: This is part of the Browser window that displays one web page. You can have multiple tabs open at the same time and switch between them. For example, you can have a tab with the Google web page and a tab with the Facebook web page.
- Address bar: This is part of the Browser window that displays the address of the web page you are viewing. You can enter a new address in the address bar to visit a new web page or use the back and forward arrows to navigate through the history of visited web pages.
- Menu bar: This is part of the Browser window that displays various options and functions of the Browser. You can click on one of the options to open a dropdown menu, which contains sub-options and commands. For example, you can click on the File option to open a menu that contains sub
If you've ever visited a website, application, or service on the internet, you've probably used a Browser. A Browser is software that enables the browsing of web pages and other resources on the internet. The Browser consists of a user interface that displays the content of web pages and an engine that processes requests, retrieves data, and displays it in a format that the user can see and use. In this text, we'll explain what a Browser is, how it works, and how it's used.
What is a Browser?
A Browser is a set of software components that facilitate communication between users and web servers, which are computers that store web pages and other resources on the internet. The Browser handles the following tasks:
- Sending requests: The Browser sends requests to the web server, containing information about what the user wants to see or do on the web page. For example, when a user enters a web page address in the Browser, the Browser sends a request to the web server that stores that web page, asking it to send it.
- Retrieving data: The Browser retrieves data from the web server, which can be in various formats such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript, images, video, and others. For example, when the Browser receives a response from the web server, it downloads all the data needed to display the web page.
- Displaying data: The Browser displays data in the user interface, which consists of windows, tabs, address bar, menu bar, toolbar, and other elements. For example, when the Browser downloads all the data for a web page, it processes and displays it in the window so that the user can see and use the web page.
- Interacting with data: The Browser allows the user to interact with data on the web page, such as links, buttons, forms, animations, and others. For example, when the user clicks on a link on the web page, the Browser sends a new request to the web server, asking it to send a new web page.
How does a Browser work?
The Browser operates on the principle of requests and responses. When a user wants to see or do something on a web page, they send a request to the web server, containing information about what the user wants. The web server checks if the request is valid and authorized, and if it is, sends a response to the Browser containing the data needed to fulfill the request. The Browser processes the response and displays it to the user in the user interface.
Requests and responses are sent over the internet, which is a network of connected computers. To transmit requests and responses, certain protocols, which are rules of communication, must be used. The most commonly used protocol is HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol), which enables the transmission of textual and binary data.
To identify requests and responses, certain addresses, which are unique identifiers of resources on the internet, must be used. The most commonly used address is URL (Uniform Resource Locator), which contains information about the location, name, and type of the resource.
To format requests and responses, certain formats, which are ways of representing data, must be used. The most commonly used format is HTML (Hypertext Markup Language), which allows data to be marked and structured.
How is a Browser used?
To use a Browser, you need to know some basic information about it, such as:
- Web page address: This is the address you enter in the Browser to visit a web page. The address consists of the protocol, domain, path, and parameters. For example, the address https://www.vidanovicdesign.com is the address of a web page that contains search results for the word Browser on Google.
- Tab: This is part of the Browser window that displays one web page. You can have multiple tabs open at the same time and switch between them. For example, you can have a tab with the Google web page and a tab with the Facebook web page.
- Address bar: This is part of the Browser window that displays the address of the web page you are viewing. You can enter a new address in the address bar to visit a new web page or use the back and forward arrows to navigate through the history of visited web pages.
- Menu bar: This is part of the Browser window that displays various options and functions of the Browser. You can click on one of the options to open a dropdown menu, which contains sub-options and commands. For example, you can click on the File option to open a menu that contains sub
Branding: What is it and how does it work?
Branding is the process of creating and promoting a unique name, logo, design, slogan, or symbol that represents a product, service, organization, or personality. The goal of branding is to create a recognizable and positive image in the minds of consumers, influencing their decisions, loyalty, and emotions. Branding is crucial for success and competitiveness in the market because it allows differentiation from other providers and establishes a long-term relationship with the target audience.
Here are some key points about branding:
- Branding consists of various elements such as name, logo, design, slogan, and symbol, which should be simple, memorable, distinctive, and tailored to the target audience. For example, the name Nike is short, easy to pronounce, unique, and associated with the goddess of victory in Greek mythology.
- Branding is based on creating and maintaining a unique identity that represents the values, mission, vision, and personality of the brand. For example, Apple is a brand identified with innovation, creativity, simplicity, and quality.
- Branding is achieved through various channels and strategies, such as advertising, social media, packaging, events, sponsorships, and others. For example, Coca-Cola is a brand that uses various methods to communicate with its audience, such as TV commercials, Christmas campaigns, personalized bottles, and more.
- Branding is measured through various metrics, such as brand awareness, reputation, loyalty, satisfaction, and recommendations. For example, Google is a brand with a high level of awareness, reputation, loyalty, and recommendations, making it one of the most valuable brands in the world.
Branding is the process of creating and promoting a unique name, logo, design, slogan, or symbol that represents a product, service, organization, or personality. The goal of branding is to create a recognizable and positive image in the minds of consumers, influencing their decisions, loyalty, and emotions. Branding is crucial for success and competitiveness in the market because it allows differentiation from other providers and establishes a long-term relationship with the target audience.
Here are some key points about branding:
- Branding consists of various elements such as name, logo, design, slogan, and symbol, which should be simple, memorable, distinctive, and tailored to the target audience. For example, the name Nike is short, easy to pronounce, unique, and associated with the goddess of victory in Greek mythology.
- Branding is based on creating and maintaining a unique identity that represents the values, mission, vision, and personality of the brand. For example, Apple is a brand identified with innovation, creativity, simplicity, and quality.
- Branding is achieved through various channels and strategies, such as advertising, social media, packaging, events, sponsorships, and others. For example, Coca-Cola is a brand that uses various methods to communicate with its audience, such as TV commercials, Christmas campaigns, personalized bottles, and more.
- Branding is measured through various metrics, such as brand awareness, reputation, loyalty, satisfaction, and recommendations. For example, Google is a brand with a high level of awareness, reputation, loyalty, and recommendations, making it one of the most valuable brands in the world.
Blog: What is it and how does it work?
A blog is a type of website that contains regularly updated texts, images, videos, or other content, typically displayed in chronological order. A blog can be personal, professional, thematic, corporate, or another type. The purpose of a blog is to inform, entertain, educate, or communicate with readers, who can leave comments, rate, or share content on social media.
Here are some key points about a blog:
- A blog consists of various elements such as title, author, date, category, tags, text, image, video, links, and others. Each element has its role and significance for the blog. For example, the title is the first thing a reader sees and should attract attention and interest.
- A blog is based on creating and publishing original, relevant, and high-quality content that reflects the opinion, knowledge, experience, or personality of the author. A blog should be unique, interesting, useful, and tailored to the target audience. For example, a travel blog should contain information, tips, photos, and videos about different destinations, cultures, and experiences.
- A blog is realized through various channels and strategies, such as platforms, domains, hosting, design, optimization, promotion, and others. A blog can be created on existing platforms like WordPress, Blogger, Medium, or on its own domain and hosting. A blog should have an attractive and functional design that facilitates reading and navigation. It should be optimized for search engines and users, using keywords, titles, subtitles, metadata, images, and more. A blog should be promoted on social media, emails, forums, and other places to increase visibility and traffic.
- A blog is measured through various metrics, such as the number of visits, views, comments, likes, shares, subscribers, and others. These metrics indicate how popular, influential, engaged, and successful a blog is. For example, the number of visits shows how many people have visited the blog in a certain period, and the number of comments shows how many people have participated in the discussion on the blog.
A blog is a type of website that contains regularly updated texts, images, videos, or other content, typically displayed in chronological order. A blog can be personal, professional, thematic, corporate, or another type. The purpose of a blog is to inform, entertain, educate, or communicate with readers, who can leave comments, rate, or share content on social media.
Here are some key points about a blog:
- A blog consists of various elements such as title, author, date, category, tags, text, image, video, links, and others. Each element has its role and significance for the blog. For example, the title is the first thing a reader sees and should attract attention and interest.
- A blog is based on creating and publishing original, relevant, and high-quality content that reflects the opinion, knowledge, experience, or personality of the author. A blog should be unique, interesting, useful, and tailored to the target audience. For example, a travel blog should contain information, tips, photos, and videos about different destinations, cultures, and experiences.
- A blog is realized through various channels and strategies, such as platforms, domains, hosting, design, optimization, promotion, and others. A blog can be created on existing platforms like WordPress, Blogger, Medium, or on its own domain and hosting. A blog should have an attractive and functional design that facilitates reading and navigation. It should be optimized for search engines and users, using keywords, titles, subtitles, metadata, images, and more. A blog should be promoted on social media, emails, forums, and other places to increase visibility and traffic.
- A blog is measured through various metrics, such as the number of visits, views, comments, likes, shares, subscribers, and others. These metrics indicate how popular, influential, engaged, and successful a blog is. For example, the number of visits shows how many people have visited the blog in a certain period, and the number of comments shows how many people have participated in the discussion on the blog.
Cache: What is it and how does it work?
If you've ever used a computer, mobile phone, web browser, or application, you've likely encountered a cache. Cache is a temporary storage of frequently used data, enabling faster access and improving system performance. Cache can refer to a hardware or software component of the system, storing copies of data from main memory or a remote server. The goal of the cache is to reduce waiting time and increase system efficiency. In this text, we'll explain what cache is, how it works, and the different types of cache.
What is Cache?
Cache is a part of the system that serves as an intermediary storage between data sources and consumers. It holds copies of data that are frequently or recently used, allowing for quicker retrieval when needed. Cache reduces the need for reloading or downloading data, which can be slow or costly. It enhances the speed and efficiency of the system by reducing the load on main memory or the network.
How does Cache work?
Cache operates on the principle of locality, assuming that recently or frequently used data is likely to be reused. Cache tracks which data the system uses and stores them in fast memory, which is typically smaller but faster than main memory. When the system requests certain data, the cache first checks if it has them in its memory and returns them to the system if it does. This is called a cache hit. If the cache doesn't have the requested data in its memory, it fetches them from main memory or the server and stores them in its memory for future use. This is called a cache miss.
Cache uses various algorithms to decide which data to keep and which to replace or evict from its memory when it's full. These algorithms are called replacement policies and can be based on different criteria such as frequency, age, importance, or the order of data usage. Some of the most known algorithms include LRU (Least Recently Used), FIFO (First In First Out), LFU (Least Frequently Used), and others.
Types of Cache:
Cache can be classified based on various criteria, such as level, size, location, purpose, or content. Some of the most common types of cache are:
- Processor Cache: This is hardware cache located in the computer's processor, storing copies of instructions and data from main memory. Processor cache usually consists of multiple levels, denoted as L1, L2, L3, and others. It is the fastest and most expensive type of cache, aiming to reduce access time to main memory and increase program execution speed.
- Memory Cache: This is hardware cache situated between the processor and main memory, storing copies of data from main memory. Memory cache usually consists of one or more levels, denoted as L2, L3, L4, and others. It is faster and more expensive than main memory, aiming to reduce access time to main memory and increase program execution speed.
- Disk Cache: This is software cache located in the operating system or application, storing copies of data from the disk. Disk cache is faster and cheaper than the disk, aiming to reduce access time to the disk and increase data loading speed.
- Browser Cache: This is software cache located in the web browser, storing copies of data from web pages. Browser cache is faster and cheaper than the network, aiming to reduce access time to the web server and increase the speed of loading web pages.
- Application Cache: This is software cache located in an application, storing copies of frequently used data within the application. Application cache is faster and cheaper than other data sources, aiming to reduce access time to data and increase the speed of application operation.
If you've ever used a computer, mobile phone, web browser, or application, you've likely encountered a cache. Cache is a temporary storage of frequently used data, enabling faster access and improving system performance. Cache can refer to a hardware or software component of the system, storing copies of data from main memory or a remote server. The goal of the cache is to reduce waiting time and increase system efficiency. In this text, we'll explain what cache is, how it works, and the different types of cache.
What is Cache?
Cache is a part of the system that serves as an intermediary storage between data sources and consumers. It holds copies of data that are frequently or recently used, allowing for quicker retrieval when needed. Cache reduces the need for reloading or downloading data, which can be slow or costly. It enhances the speed and efficiency of the system by reducing the load on main memory or the network.
How does Cache work?
Cache operates on the principle of locality, assuming that recently or frequently used data is likely to be reused. Cache tracks which data the system uses and stores them in fast memory, which is typically smaller but faster than main memory. When the system requests certain data, the cache first checks if it has them in its memory and returns them to the system if it does. This is called a cache hit. If the cache doesn't have the requested data in its memory, it fetches them from main memory or the server and stores them in its memory for future use. This is called a cache miss.
Cache uses various algorithms to decide which data to keep and which to replace or evict from its memory when it's full. These algorithms are called replacement policies and can be based on different criteria such as frequency, age, importance, or the order of data usage. Some of the most known algorithms include LRU (Least Recently Used), FIFO (First In First Out), LFU (Least Frequently Used), and others.
Types of Cache:
Cache can be classified based on various criteria, such as level, size, location, purpose, or content. Some of the most common types of cache are:
- Processor Cache: This is hardware cache located in the computer's processor, storing copies of instructions and data from main memory. Processor cache usually consists of multiple levels, denoted as L1, L2, L3, and others. It is the fastest and most expensive type of cache, aiming to reduce access time to main memory and increase program execution speed.
- Memory Cache: This is hardware cache situated between the processor and main memory, storing copies of data from main memory. Memory cache usually consists of one or more levels, denoted as L2, L3, L4, and others. It is faster and more expensive than main memory, aiming to reduce access time to main memory and increase program execution speed.
- Disk Cache: This is software cache located in the operating system or application, storing copies of data from the disk. Disk cache is faster and cheaper than the disk, aiming to reduce access time to the disk and increase data loading speed.
- Browser Cache: This is software cache located in the web browser, storing copies of data from web pages. Browser cache is faster and cheaper than the network, aiming to reduce access time to the web server and increase the speed of loading web pages.
- Application Cache: This is software cache located in an application, storing copies of frequently used data within the application. Application cache is faster and cheaper than other data sources, aiming to reduce access time to data and increase the speed of application operation.
CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
CSS, which stands for Cascading Style Sheets, is a language used to describe the look and formatting of web pages written in HTML or XML. CSS allows for the separation of content from presentation and the application of the same style across multiple web pages. It is crucial for web design as it enables the creation of beautiful, adaptable, and interactive web pages.
Key Points about CSS:
- CSS consists of various elements such as selectors, properties, values, declarations, rules, sheets, and cascades. Each element plays a role in CSS. For example, a selector is part of the CSS code that determines which HTML element the style applies to, and a property is part of the CSS code that specifies which aspect of the appearance or formatting is changed.
- CSS is based on creating and applying style sheets, which are sets of rules defining the style for a web page or part of a web page. Style sheets can be linked to an HTML document in three ways: external, internal, and inline. An external style sheet is a separate file linked to the HTML document using the link element. An internal style sheet is part of the HTML document located in the head element and marked with the style element. An inline style sheet is part of the HTML element located in the body element and marked with the style attribute.
- CSS is implemented through the application of cascading, a mechanism determining which style applies to an HTML element when there are multiple style sheets or rules that apply to the same element. Cascading is based on three factors: origin, specificity, and order. Origin refers to the source of the style sheet, which can be user, author, or browser. Specificity is a measure of how precise and detailed a selector is, calculated based on the number of identifiers, classes, and elements in the selector. Order is the position where the style rule is located in the style sheet or HTML document, with later rules taking precedence over earlier rules.
- CSS is measured through various metrics such as size, speed, compatibility, and accessibility. Size is the amount of CSS code used to style a web page, influencing the loading time and performance of the web page. Speed is the time it takes for the browser to load, analyze, and apply CSS code to the web page, impacting user experience and satisfaction. Compatibility is the ability of CSS code to work on different browsers, devices, and resolutions, affecting the availability and quality of the web page. Accessibility is the ability of CSS code to enable easy and equal usage of the web page for all users, regardless of their physical, mental, or technical abilities, influencing inclusivity and the ethics of the web page.
CSS is a language used to describe the look and formatting of web pages written in HTML or XML. It allows for the separation of content from presentation and the application of the same style across multiple web pages. CSS consists of various elements, including selectors, properties, values, declarations, rules, sheets, and cascades. It is based on creating and applying style sheets, and it is implemented through the application of cascading, which determines the precedence of styles when multiple rules apply to the same element. CSS is measured through metrics such as size, speed, compatibility, and accessibility.
CSS, which stands for Cascading Style Sheets, is a language used to describe the look and formatting of web pages written in HTML or XML. CSS allows for the separation of content from presentation and the application of the same style across multiple web pages. It is crucial for web design as it enables the creation of beautiful, adaptable, and interactive web pages.
Key Points about CSS:
- CSS consists of various elements such as selectors, properties, values, declarations, rules, sheets, and cascades. Each element plays a role in CSS. For example, a selector is part of the CSS code that determines which HTML element the style applies to, and a property is part of the CSS code that specifies which aspect of the appearance or formatting is changed.
- CSS is based on creating and applying style sheets, which are sets of rules defining the style for a web page or part of a web page. Style sheets can be linked to an HTML document in three ways: external, internal, and inline. An external style sheet is a separate file linked to the HTML document using the link element. An internal style sheet is part of the HTML document located in the head element and marked with the style element. An inline style sheet is part of the HTML element located in the body element and marked with the style attribute.
- CSS is implemented through the application of cascading, a mechanism determining which style applies to an HTML element when there are multiple style sheets or rules that apply to the same element. Cascading is based on three factors: origin, specificity, and order. Origin refers to the source of the style sheet, which can be user, author, or browser. Specificity is a measure of how precise and detailed a selector is, calculated based on the number of identifiers, classes, and elements in the selector. Order is the position where the style rule is located in the style sheet or HTML document, with later rules taking precedence over earlier rules.
- CSS is measured through various metrics such as size, speed, compatibility, and accessibility. Size is the amount of CSS code used to style a web page, influencing the loading time and performance of the web page. Speed is the time it takes for the browser to load, analyze, and apply CSS code to the web page, impacting user experience and satisfaction. Compatibility is the ability of CSS code to work on different browsers, devices, and resolutions, affecting the availability and quality of the web page. Accessibility is the ability of CSS code to enable easy and equal usage of the web page for all users, regardless of their physical, mental, or technical abilities, influencing inclusivity and the ethics of the web page.
CSS is a language used to describe the look and formatting of web pages written in HTML or XML. It allows for the separation of content from presentation and the application of the same style across multiple web pages. CSS consists of various elements, including selectors, properties, values, declarations, rules, sheets, and cascades. It is based on creating and applying style sheets, and it is implemented through the application of cascading, which determines the precedence of styles when multiple rules apply to the same element. CSS is measured through metrics such as size, speed, compatibility, and accessibility.
DNS: Domain Name System
DNS, which stands for Domain Name System, is a system that translates web addresses, typically in the form of letters and words, into numbers known as IP addresses. DNS aims to facilitate the use of the internet as it is easier to remember and enter domain names than a series of numbers.
Key Points about DNS:
- DNS consists of various elements such as domains, subdomains, prefixes, suffixes, DNS servers, and DNS records. Each element plays a role in DNS. For example, a domain is part of a web address that identifies the owner or purpose of the website, such as google.com or wikipedia.org.
- DNS is based on a hierarchical structure consisting of multiple levels of domains separated by dots. The highest level is the root, marked by an empty space. Below the root are top-level domains (TLDs), such as .com, .org, .rs, and others. Below TLDs are second-level domains (SLDs), also known as generic domains, such as google, wikipedia, marketingsrbija, and others. Below the second-level domains can be third-level and lower-level domains, also known as subdomains, such as www, mail, blog, and others.
- DNS is implemented through the exchange of queries and responses between clients and servers, which are computers that store and provide information about domains and IP addresses. When a client wants to visit a website, it sends a query to the DNS server containing the domain name. The DNS server checks whether it has information about that domain in its database, and if it does, it sends the response to the client containing the IP address. If the DNS server doesn't have information about that domain, it forwards the query to another DNS server, which is closer to the root, and so on until it finds the appropriate DNS server that knows the IP address of the requested domain.
- DNS is measured through various metrics, such as speed, accuracy, reliability, and security. Speed is the time it takes for the DNS server to respond to the client's query, affecting the website's loading time. Accuracy is the degree to which the DNS server returns the correct IP address for the requested domain, influencing the website's availability. Reliability is the DNS server's ability to operate without interruptions and errors, impacting the website's stability. Security is the protection of the DNS server from attacks and misuse, affecting the website's integrity and privacy.
DNS is a system that translates web addresses into IP addresses, making it easier to use the internet. It consists of various elements and operates on a hierarchical structure of domains. DNS is implemented through queries and responses between clients and servers. Metrics such as speed, accuracy, reliability, and security are used to measure DNS performance.
DNS, which stands for Domain Name System, is a system that translates web addresses, typically in the form of letters and words, into numbers known as IP addresses. DNS aims to facilitate the use of the internet as it is easier to remember and enter domain names than a series of numbers.
Key Points about DNS:
- DNS consists of various elements such as domains, subdomains, prefixes, suffixes, DNS servers, and DNS records. Each element plays a role in DNS. For example, a domain is part of a web address that identifies the owner or purpose of the website, such as google.com or wikipedia.org.
- DNS is based on a hierarchical structure consisting of multiple levels of domains separated by dots. The highest level is the root, marked by an empty space. Below the root are top-level domains (TLDs), such as .com, .org, .rs, and others. Below TLDs are second-level domains (SLDs), also known as generic domains, such as google, wikipedia, marketingsrbija, and others. Below the second-level domains can be third-level and lower-level domains, also known as subdomains, such as www, mail, blog, and others.
- DNS is implemented through the exchange of queries and responses between clients and servers, which are computers that store and provide information about domains and IP addresses. When a client wants to visit a website, it sends a query to the DNS server containing the domain name. The DNS server checks whether it has information about that domain in its database, and if it does, it sends the response to the client containing the IP address. If the DNS server doesn't have information about that domain, it forwards the query to another DNS server, which is closer to the root, and so on until it finds the appropriate DNS server that knows the IP address of the requested domain.
- DNS is measured through various metrics, such as speed, accuracy, reliability, and security. Speed is the time it takes for the DNS server to respond to the client's query, affecting the website's loading time. Accuracy is the degree to which the DNS server returns the correct IP address for the requested domain, influencing the website's availability. Reliability is the DNS server's ability to operate without interruptions and errors, impacting the website's stability. Security is the protection of the DNS server from attacks and misuse, affecting the website's integrity and privacy.
DNS is a system that translates web addresses into IP addresses, making it easier to use the internet. It consists of various elements and operates on a hierarchical structure of domains. DNS is implemented through queries and responses between clients and servers. Metrics such as speed, accuracy, reliability, and security are used to measure DNS performance.
Domen: Internet Address
A domain is the address of a website on the internet, consisting of a name and extension, such as www.vidanovicdesign.com. A domain makes it easier to find and remember websites because they are in the form of words rather than numbers. It is part of the Domain Name System (DNS), a system that translates domains into IP addresses, which are numbers that identify computers on the internet.
Key Points about a Domain:
- A domain consists of various elements, including domains, subdomains, prefixes, suffixes, DNS servers, and DNS records. Each element has its role and significance for the domain. For example, a domain is part of a web address that identifies the owner or purpose of the website, such as google.com or wikipedia.org.
- A domain is based on a hierarchical structure with multiple levels of domains separated by dots. The highest level is the root, marked by an empty space. Below the root are top-level domains (TLDs), such as .com, .org, .rs, and others. Below TLDs are second-level domains (SLDs), also known as generic domains, such as bing, wikipedia, marketingsrbija, and others. Below the second-level domains can be third-level and lower-level domains, also known as subdomains, such as www, mail, blog, and others.
- A domain is implemented through the exchange of queries and responses between clients and servers, which are computers that store and provide information about domains and IP addresses. When a client wants to visit a website, it sends a query to the DNS server containing the domain name. The DNS server checks whether it has information about that domain in its database, and if it does, it sends the response to the client containing the IP address. If the DNS server doesn't have information about that domain, it forwards the query to another DNS server, which is closer to the root, and so on until it finds the appropriate DNS server that knows the IP address of the requested domain.
- A domain is measured through various metrics, such as speed, accuracy, reliability, and security. Speed is the time it takes for the DNS server to respond to the client's query, affecting the website's loading time. Accuracy is the degree to which the DNS server returns the correct IP address for the requested domain, influencing the website's availability. Reliability is the DNS server's ability to operate without interruptions and errors, impacting the website's stability. Security is the protection of the DNS server from attacks and misuse, affecting the website's integrity and privacy.
A domain is an internet address composed of a name and extension, making websites easier to find and remember. It is part of the DNS system and operates on a hierarchical structure of domains. The implementation involves queries and responses between clients and servers, with metrics measuring speed, accuracy, reliability, and security.
A domain is the address of a website on the internet, consisting of a name and extension, such as www.vidanovicdesign.com. A domain makes it easier to find and remember websites because they are in the form of words rather than numbers. It is part of the Domain Name System (DNS), a system that translates domains into IP addresses, which are numbers that identify computers on the internet.
Key Points about a Domain:
- A domain consists of various elements, including domains, subdomains, prefixes, suffixes, DNS servers, and DNS records. Each element has its role and significance for the domain. For example, a domain is part of a web address that identifies the owner or purpose of the website, such as google.com or wikipedia.org.
- A domain is based on a hierarchical structure with multiple levels of domains separated by dots. The highest level is the root, marked by an empty space. Below the root are top-level domains (TLDs), such as .com, .org, .rs, and others. Below TLDs are second-level domains (SLDs), also known as generic domains, such as bing, wikipedia, marketingsrbija, and others. Below the second-level domains can be third-level and lower-level domains, also known as subdomains, such as www, mail, blog, and others.
- A domain is implemented through the exchange of queries and responses between clients and servers, which are computers that store and provide information about domains and IP addresses. When a client wants to visit a website, it sends a query to the DNS server containing the domain name. The DNS server checks whether it has information about that domain in its database, and if it does, it sends the response to the client containing the IP address. If the DNS server doesn't have information about that domain, it forwards the query to another DNS server, which is closer to the root, and so on until it finds the appropriate DNS server that knows the IP address of the requested domain.
- A domain is measured through various metrics, such as speed, accuracy, reliability, and security. Speed is the time it takes for the DNS server to respond to the client's query, affecting the website's loading time. Accuracy is the degree to which the DNS server returns the correct IP address for the requested domain, influencing the website's availability. Reliability is the DNS server's ability to operate without interruptions and errors, impacting the website's stability. Security is the protection of the DNS server from attacks and misuse, affecting the website's integrity and privacy.
A domain is an internet address composed of a name and extension, making websites easier to find and remember. It is part of the DNS system and operates on a hierarchical structure of domains. The implementation involves queries and responses between clients and servers, with metrics measuring speed, accuracy, reliability, and security.
E-commerce: Online Trading Made Easy
E-commerce is a type of website that enables the buying and selling of products or services over the internet. Its aim is to facilitate and expedite trade by offering a wide selection, lower prices, fast delivery, and secure payment options. E-commerce is crucial for businesses as it allows reaching a larger number of potential customers, increasing sales, and enhancing competitiveness in the market.
Key Points about e-commerce:
- E-commerce comprises various elements such as a domain, hosting, platform, design, catalog, cart, payment, delivery, and more. Each element plays a vital role in an e-commerce store. For instance, a domain is the internet address of the e-commerce store, which should be simple, memorable, and tailored to the target audience.
- E-commerce is based on creating and maintaining a website representing an online store where users can browse, order, and pay for products or services. The website should be functional, attractive, user-friendly, and adaptable to different devices, browsers, and resolutions. It should contain all necessary information about products, terms, prices, contacts, and more.
- E-commerce is realized through various channels and strategies like optimization, promotion, analysis, feedback, and more. Optimization involves improving the website for search engines and users using keywords, titles, metadata, images, and more. Promotion is the process of attracting and retaining customers through ads, social media, emails, blogs, and other means. Analysis involves monitoring and measuring the website's performance using tools like Google Analytics, Google Search Console, Bing Webmaster Tools, and others. Feedback is the process of collecting and processing customer opinions and ratings through surveys, comments, reviews, and more.
- E-commerce is measured through various metrics such as the number of visits, conversions, sales, revenue, cost, profit, and others. These metrics indicate how successful, profitable, efficient, and competitive an e-commerce store is. For example, the number of visits shows how many people visited the e-commerce store in a specific period, and conversion shows how many people made a purchase on the e-commerce store.
E-commerce is a dynamic platform that facilitates online trade, providing convenience and efficiency for businesses and consumers alike. The success of e-commerce is measured through key metrics, reflecting its impact on sales, profitability, and overall competitiveness.
E-commerce is a type of website that enables the buying and selling of products or services over the internet. Its aim is to facilitate and expedite trade by offering a wide selection, lower prices, fast delivery, and secure payment options. E-commerce is crucial for businesses as it allows reaching a larger number of potential customers, increasing sales, and enhancing competitiveness in the market.
Key Points about e-commerce:
- E-commerce comprises various elements such as a domain, hosting, platform, design, catalog, cart, payment, delivery, and more. Each element plays a vital role in an e-commerce store. For instance, a domain is the internet address of the e-commerce store, which should be simple, memorable, and tailored to the target audience.
- E-commerce is based on creating and maintaining a website representing an online store where users can browse, order, and pay for products or services. The website should be functional, attractive, user-friendly, and adaptable to different devices, browsers, and resolutions. It should contain all necessary information about products, terms, prices, contacts, and more.
- E-commerce is realized through various channels and strategies like optimization, promotion, analysis, feedback, and more. Optimization involves improving the website for search engines and users using keywords, titles, metadata, images, and more. Promotion is the process of attracting and retaining customers through ads, social media, emails, blogs, and other means. Analysis involves monitoring and measuring the website's performance using tools like Google Analytics, Google Search Console, Bing Webmaster Tools, and others. Feedback is the process of collecting and processing customer opinions and ratings through surveys, comments, reviews, and more.
- E-commerce is measured through various metrics such as the number of visits, conversions, sales, revenue, cost, profit, and others. These metrics indicate how successful, profitable, efficient, and competitive an e-commerce store is. For example, the number of visits shows how many people visited the e-commerce store in a specific period, and conversion shows how many people made a purchase on the e-commerce store.
E-commerce is a dynamic platform that facilitates online trade, providing convenience and efficiency for businesses and consumers alike. The success of e-commerce is measured through key metrics, reflecting its impact on sales, profitability, and overall competitiveness.
Favicon: A Tiny Icon with a Big Impact
Favicon is a small icon that appears next to the title of a website in the browser, tab, history, bookmarks, and other places. Its purpose is to enhance the visual identity and recognition of a website and to facilitate navigation and organization of web pages. Favicon is crucial for web design as it allows the site to stand out and differentiate itself from other web pages.
Key Points about Favicon:
- Favicon comprises various elements such as name, extension, dimensions, format, color, and more. Each element plays a role in the favicon. For instance, the name of the favicon is usually favicon.ico, and the extension can be .ico, .png, .svg, or another.
- Favicon is based on creating and adding a small image representing a logo, symbol, letter, or another graphical element of the website. The image should be simple, clear, original, and adapted to the style and theme of the website. It should have appropriate dimensions, format, and color, depending on the type of browser, device, and resolution.
- Favicon is realized by linking the image to the HTML document representing the web page using the link element. The link element is located in the head element of the HTML document and contains attributes such as rel, href, type, and sizes. These attributes determine the link, location, type, and size of the favicon image. For example, the link element for a favicon may look like this:
```html
Favicon is a small icon that appears next to the title of a website in the browser, tab, history, bookmarks, and other places. Its purpose is to enhance the visual identity and recognition of a website and to facilitate navigation and organization of web pages. Favicon is crucial for web design as it allows the site to stand out and differentiate itself from other web pages.
Key Points about Favicon:
- Favicon comprises various elements such as name, extension, dimensions, format, color, and more. Each element plays a role in the favicon. For instance, the name of the favicon is usually favicon.ico, and the extension can be .ico, .png, .svg, or another.
- Favicon is based on creating and adding a small image representing a logo, symbol, letter, or another graphical element of the website. The image should be simple, clear, original, and adapted to the style and theme of the website. It should have appropriate dimensions, format, and color, depending on the type of browser, device, and resolution.
- Favicon is realized by linking the image to the HTML document representing the web page using the link element. The link element is located in the head element of the HTML document and contains attributes such as rel, href, type, and sizes. These attributes determine the link, location, type, and size of the favicon image. For example, the link element for a favicon may look like this:
```html
Front End Development: What Is It and How Does It Work?
If you've ever visited a website, you've likely seen and experienced the front end. Front end is the part of web development that deals with the look and interaction of web pages, written in HTML or XML. It's what users see and experience on the screen, such as menus, graphics, buttons, and other features. Front end is also referred to as the client-side, as it is the part that interacts with the user. Front end developers are responsible for creating attractive, adaptable, and interactive web pages.
What is Front End?
Front end is the part of the system that serves as the interface between the user and the server. It displays data and information received from the server, allowing the user to view, input, modify, and send them back to the server. Front end consists of various languages, tools, and skills used for designing and coding web pages.
How Does Front End Work?
Front end operates on the client-server architecture principle, where data and information are exchanged between the client and the server. The client is the computer or device using a web browser to access the web page, while the server is the computer or device storing and processing data and information for the web page. When a client wants to visit a web page, it sends a request to the server containing the web page's address. The server checks if it has that web page in its database and, if so, sends a response to the client containing HTML, CSS, and JavaScript codes. The client receives these codes and uses the web browser to interpret and display them on the screen.
Front end uses different languages to create and display web pages. The fundamental languages for front end development are HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. HTML is the language defining the structure and content of a web page using tags. CSS is the language defining the style and format of a web page using properties and values. JavaScript is the language adding dynamism and functionality to a web page using variables, functions, objects, and more.
Front end also employs various tools and frameworks that facilitate and expedite web page development. Tools are programs or applications that aid in writing, testing, optimizing, and maintaining code. Some popular tools include Visual Studio Code, Chrome DevTools, Git, and others. Frameworks are sets of pre-written code that offer solutions for common problems and tasks in front end development. Some popular frameworks include Bootstrap, React, Angular, and others.
Types of Front End:
Front end can be classified based on various criteria such as type, purpose, content, or technology. Some of the most common types of front end are:
- Static Front End: Comprising fixed and unchanging web pages that are always displayed the same to all users. Typically used for websites with simple and informative content like personal blogs, portfolios, biographies, and others.
- Dynamic Front End: Comprising variable and adaptable web pages that can change based on user, time, location, and other factors. Often used for websites with complex and interactive content like social networks, e-commerce, games, and others.
- Responsive Front End: Comprising web pages that can adapt to different screen sizes and orientations, such as desktops, laptops, tablets, and mobiles. Commonly used for websites aiming to be accessible and functional on all devices to enhance user experience and satisfaction.
- Progressive Front End: Comprising web pages that can function without an internet connection using caching and data synchronization. Typically used for websites aiming to be reliable, fast, and work like native applications on devices.
Front end development is a dynamic field that plays a crucial role in shaping the user experience and ensuring the functionality of web pages.
If you've ever visited a website, you've likely seen and experienced the front end. Front end is the part of web development that deals with the look and interaction of web pages, written in HTML or XML. It's what users see and experience on the screen, such as menus, graphics, buttons, and other features. Front end is also referred to as the client-side, as it is the part that interacts with the user. Front end developers are responsible for creating attractive, adaptable, and interactive web pages.
What is Front End?
Front end is the part of the system that serves as the interface between the user and the server. It displays data and information received from the server, allowing the user to view, input, modify, and send them back to the server. Front end consists of various languages, tools, and skills used for designing and coding web pages.
How Does Front End Work?
Front end operates on the client-server architecture principle, where data and information are exchanged between the client and the server. The client is the computer or device using a web browser to access the web page, while the server is the computer or device storing and processing data and information for the web page. When a client wants to visit a web page, it sends a request to the server containing the web page's address. The server checks if it has that web page in its database and, if so, sends a response to the client containing HTML, CSS, and JavaScript codes. The client receives these codes and uses the web browser to interpret and display them on the screen.
Front end uses different languages to create and display web pages. The fundamental languages for front end development are HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. HTML is the language defining the structure and content of a web page using tags. CSS is the language defining the style and format of a web page using properties and values. JavaScript is the language adding dynamism and functionality to a web page using variables, functions, objects, and more.
Front end also employs various tools and frameworks that facilitate and expedite web page development. Tools are programs or applications that aid in writing, testing, optimizing, and maintaining code. Some popular tools include Visual Studio Code, Chrome DevTools, Git, and others. Frameworks are sets of pre-written code that offer solutions for common problems and tasks in front end development. Some popular frameworks include Bootstrap, React, Angular, and others.
Types of Front End:
Front end can be classified based on various criteria such as type, purpose, content, or technology. Some of the most common types of front end are:
- Static Front End: Comprising fixed and unchanging web pages that are always displayed the same to all users. Typically used for websites with simple and informative content like personal blogs, portfolios, biographies, and others.
- Dynamic Front End: Comprising variable and adaptable web pages that can change based on user, time, location, and other factors. Often used for websites with complex and interactive content like social networks, e-commerce, games, and others.
- Responsive Front End: Comprising web pages that can adapt to different screen sizes and orientations, such as desktops, laptops, tablets, and mobiles. Commonly used for websites aiming to be accessible and functional on all devices to enhance user experience and satisfaction.
- Progressive Front End: Comprising web pages that can function without an internet connection using caching and data synchronization. Typically used for websites aiming to be reliable, fast, and work like native applications on devices.
Front end development is a dynamic field that plays a crucial role in shaping the user experience and ensuring the functionality of web pages.
GUI: Understanding Graphical User Interface
GUI is an abbreviation for Graphical User Interface, representing a graphical user interface. GUI is a part of software that enables users to interact with a computer or device using visual elements such as icons, buttons, menus, windows, and more. The goal of GUI is to make software usage easier and more enhanced by being intuitive, attractive, and adaptable. GUI is crucial for software development as it significantly influences user experience and satisfaction.
Key Points about GUI:
- GUI consists of various elements, including widgets, containers, events, actions, and others. Each element plays a role in the GUI, for instance, a widget is a graphical element displaying information or allowing interaction, such as buttons, input fields, lists, and more.
- GUI relies on the use of various tools and frameworks that facilitate its development and functionality.
GUI development involves creating a visually appealing and user-friendly interface, allowing users to interact with the software effortlessly. By incorporating graphical elements, GUI significantly contributes to the overall usability and success of software applications.
GUI is an abbreviation for Graphical User Interface, representing a graphical user interface. GUI is a part of software that enables users to interact with a computer or device using visual elements such as icons, buttons, menus, windows, and more. The goal of GUI is to make software usage easier and more enhanced by being intuitive, attractive, and adaptable. GUI is crucial for software development as it significantly influences user experience and satisfaction.
Key Points about GUI:
- GUI consists of various elements, including widgets, containers, events, actions, and others. Each element plays a role in the GUI, for instance, a widget is a graphical element displaying information or allowing interaction, such as buttons, input fields, lists, and more.
- GUI relies on the use of various tools and frameworks that facilitate its development and functionality.
GUI development involves creating a visually appealing and user-friendly interface, allowing users to interact with the software effortlessly. By incorporating graphical elements, GUI significantly contributes to the overall usability and success of software applications.
Understanding HTTP and HTTPS
HTTP is an abbreviation for Hypertext Transfer Protocol, serving as the protocol for transferring hypertext. It is the fundamental protocol for communication between a client and server on the internet, allowing the request and transfer of data in the form of hypertext, which is text containing links to other resources. The goal of HTTP is to facilitate and speed up access and information exchange on the internet.
HTTPS is an abbreviation for Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure, representing a secure version of HTTP. It extends HTTP by adding a layer of encryption and authentication to the communication between the client and server. HTTPS ensures the protection of data from interception, alteration, and misuse on the internet, aiming to enhance security and privacy.
Key Points about HTTP and HTTPS:
- HTTP and HTTPS consist of various elements such as methods, headers, bodies, status codes, and more. Each element plays a role in the protocol. For instance, a method is a word indicating the type of request sent to the server, such as GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, and others. The header is a part of the request or response containing additional information about the data, such as type, length, date, cookies, and others. The body is a part of the request or response containing the actual content of the data, such as HTML, XML, JSON, images, and others. The status code is a number indicating the result of the request, such as 200 OK, 404 Not Found, 500 Internal Server Error, and others.
- HTTP and HTTPS rely on the use of requests and responses, which are messages exchanged between the client and server. A request is a message the client sends to the server, containing the method, address, header, and body. The address is a part of the request identifying the requested resource, such as a URL or URI. A response is a message the server sends to the client, containing the status code, header, and body. Requests and responses are typically transmitted in a textual format called an HTTP message.
- HTTP and HTTPS are implemented by connecting the client and server, which are computers or devices communicating over the internet. The client is a computer or device using a web browser or application to access a website or service. The server is a computer or device storing and providing a website or service. The connection is established using the TCP/IP protocol, the fundamental protocol for data transfer on the internet. The TCP/IP protocol consists of four layers: application, transport, network, and physical. HTTP and HTTPS belong to the application layer, the highest and closest to the user.
- HTTP and HTTPS differ in that HTTPS employs additional mechanisms for data encryption and authentication. Encryption is the process of transforming data into an unreadable form, decipherable only with the help of a key. Authentication is the process of verifying the identity of the client and server, performed using certificates. A certificate is an electronic document containing a public key and the issuer's signature, guaranteeing that the client or server is who it claims to be. HTTPS uses SSL or TLS protocols, which are protocols for securing communication on the internet. SSL and TLS protocols reside between the application and transport layers of the TCP/IP protocol.
Understanding the distinctions between HTTP and HTTPS is crucial for navigating the complexities of internet communication and ensuring secure and private data exchange.
HTTP is an abbreviation for Hypertext Transfer Protocol, serving as the protocol for transferring hypertext. It is the fundamental protocol for communication between a client and server on the internet, allowing the request and transfer of data in the form of hypertext, which is text containing links to other resources. The goal of HTTP is to facilitate and speed up access and information exchange on the internet.
HTTPS is an abbreviation for Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure, representing a secure version of HTTP. It extends HTTP by adding a layer of encryption and authentication to the communication between the client and server. HTTPS ensures the protection of data from interception, alteration, and misuse on the internet, aiming to enhance security and privacy.
Key Points about HTTP and HTTPS:
- HTTP and HTTPS consist of various elements such as methods, headers, bodies, status codes, and more. Each element plays a role in the protocol. For instance, a method is a word indicating the type of request sent to the server, such as GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, and others. The header is a part of the request or response containing additional information about the data, such as type, length, date, cookies, and others. The body is a part of the request or response containing the actual content of the data, such as HTML, XML, JSON, images, and others. The status code is a number indicating the result of the request, such as 200 OK, 404 Not Found, 500 Internal Server Error, and others.
- HTTP and HTTPS rely on the use of requests and responses, which are messages exchanged between the client and server. A request is a message the client sends to the server, containing the method, address, header, and body. The address is a part of the request identifying the requested resource, such as a URL or URI. A response is a message the server sends to the client, containing the status code, header, and body. Requests and responses are typically transmitted in a textual format called an HTTP message.
- HTTP and HTTPS are implemented by connecting the client and server, which are computers or devices communicating over the internet. The client is a computer or device using a web browser or application to access a website or service. The server is a computer or device storing and providing a website or service. The connection is established using the TCP/IP protocol, the fundamental protocol for data transfer on the internet. The TCP/IP protocol consists of four layers: application, transport, network, and physical. HTTP and HTTPS belong to the application layer, the highest and closest to the user.
- HTTP and HTTPS differ in that HTTPS employs additional mechanisms for data encryption and authentication. Encryption is the process of transforming data into an unreadable form, decipherable only with the help of a key. Authentication is the process of verifying the identity of the client and server, performed using certificates. A certificate is an electronic document containing a public key and the issuer's signature, guaranteeing that the client or server is who it claims to be. HTTPS uses SSL or TLS protocols, which are protocols for securing communication on the internet. SSL and TLS protocols reside between the application and transport layers of the TCP/IP protocol.
Understanding the distinctions between HTTP and HTTPS is crucial for navigating the complexities of internet communication and ensuring secure and private data exchange.
The Essence of a Landing Page
A landing page is a web page that a visitor arrives at after clicking on a link, banner, ad, or other call to action. The purpose of a landing page is to capture the visitor's attention, present an offer, solution, information, or value, and encourage them to take a desired action, such as making a purchase, registering, signing in, contacting, and more. Landing pages play a crucial role in online marketing, potentially increasing conversion rates, return on investment, and customer loyalty.
Key Points about Landing Pages:
- A landing page comprises various elements, including a headline, subheadline, image, video, text, form, button, testimonials, guarantees, and others. Each element serves a specific role in the landing page. For example, the headline is the first thing a visitor sees and should be clear, engaging, and relevant to the offer. The subheadline extends the headline, providing informative, helpful, and persuasive content. The image is a visual element illustrating the offer, needing to be high-quality, professional, and tailored to the target audience.
- The creation and optimization of a landing page revolve around designing a website focused on a single goal, offer, and action. The website should be simple, clean, clear, and easy to navigate. It should be responsive to different devices, browsers, and resolutions. The website needs to contain all necessary information about the offer, such as benefits, features, price, terms, contacts, and more.
- Landing pages are realized through various channels and strategies, including advertising, promotion, testing, analysis, improvement, and others. Advertising involves attracting visitors to the landing page using various media, platforms, and formats, such as Google Ads, Facebook Ads, Instagram Ads, YouTube Ads, and more. Promotion is the process of retaining and converting visitors on the landing page, utilizing techniques, tools, and tactics like copywriting, design, psychology, social proof, and more. Testing is the process of checking and comparing the effectiveness of different landing page versions, employing methods like A/B testing, multivariate testing, split testing, and others. Analysis involves monitoring and measuring landing page results using tools like Google Analytics, Google Optimize, Hotjar, and others. Improvement is the process of enhancing and modifying the landing page based on data and feedback from visitors and clients.
- Landing pages are measured using various metrics, such as the number of visits, number of conversions, conversion rate, cost per conversion, return on investment, and more. These metrics indicate how successful, profitable, efficient, and competitive a landing page is. For instance, the number of visits shows how many people visited the landing page in a specific period, and the number of conversions shows how many people took the desired action on the landing page.
Understanding the intricacies of landing pages is essential for navigating the landscape of online marketing and maximizing the effectiveness of these specialized web pages.
A landing page is a web page that a visitor arrives at after clicking on a link, banner, ad, or other call to action. The purpose of a landing page is to capture the visitor's attention, present an offer, solution, information, or value, and encourage them to take a desired action, such as making a purchase, registering, signing in, contacting, and more. Landing pages play a crucial role in online marketing, potentially increasing conversion rates, return on investment, and customer loyalty.
Key Points about Landing Pages:
- A landing page comprises various elements, including a headline, subheadline, image, video, text, form, button, testimonials, guarantees, and others. Each element serves a specific role in the landing page. For example, the headline is the first thing a visitor sees and should be clear, engaging, and relevant to the offer. The subheadline extends the headline, providing informative, helpful, and persuasive content. The image is a visual element illustrating the offer, needing to be high-quality, professional, and tailored to the target audience.
- The creation and optimization of a landing page revolve around designing a website focused on a single goal, offer, and action. The website should be simple, clean, clear, and easy to navigate. It should be responsive to different devices, browsers, and resolutions. The website needs to contain all necessary information about the offer, such as benefits, features, price, terms, contacts, and more.
- Landing pages are realized through various channels and strategies, including advertising, promotion, testing, analysis, improvement, and others. Advertising involves attracting visitors to the landing page using various media, platforms, and formats, such as Google Ads, Facebook Ads, Instagram Ads, YouTube Ads, and more. Promotion is the process of retaining and converting visitors on the landing page, utilizing techniques, tools, and tactics like copywriting, design, psychology, social proof, and more. Testing is the process of checking and comparing the effectiveness of different landing page versions, employing methods like A/B testing, multivariate testing, split testing, and others. Analysis involves monitoring and measuring landing page results using tools like Google Analytics, Google Optimize, Hotjar, and others. Improvement is the process of enhancing and modifying the landing page based on data and feedback from visitors and clients.
- Landing pages are measured using various metrics, such as the number of visits, number of conversions, conversion rate, cost per conversion, return on investment, and more. These metrics indicate how successful, profitable, efficient, and competitive a landing page is. For instance, the number of visits shows how many people visited the landing page in a specific period, and the number of conversions shows how many people took the desired action on the landing page.
Understanding the intricacies of landing pages is essential for navigating the landscape of online marketing and maximizing the effectiveness of these specialized web pages.
Responsive design is a web design approach that allows websites to adapt to various screen sizes and orientations, enhancing user experience across devices like desktops, laptops, tablets, and mobiles.
Key points about responsive design:
• It consists of three main elements: flexible structure, flexible images, and media queries. Flexible structure defines the width and layout of website elements using percentages instead of fixed pixel values. Flexible images automatically adjust to screen width and height without losing quality. Media queries apply different styling based on screen characteristics like width, height, resolution, color, and more.
• It relies on HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, fundamental languages for web development. HTML defines the structure and content of a webpage using tags. CSS styles and formats the webpage using properties and values. JavaScript adds dynamism and functionality to the webpage using variables, functions, objects, and more.
• Responsive design is implemented using various tools and frameworks that facilitate and expedite web development. Tools are programs or applications aiding in writing, testing, optimizing, and maintaining code. Some popular tools include Visual Studio Code, Chrome DevTools, Git, and more. Frameworks are sets of ready-made code offering solutions for common issues and tasks in responsive design. Some popular frameworks include Bootstrap, React, Angular, and more.
Key points about responsive design:
• It consists of three main elements: flexible structure, flexible images, and media queries. Flexible structure defines the width and layout of website elements using percentages instead of fixed pixel values. Flexible images automatically adjust to screen width and height without losing quality. Media queries apply different styling based on screen characteristics like width, height, resolution, color, and more.
• It relies on HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, fundamental languages for web development. HTML defines the structure and content of a webpage using tags. CSS styles and formats the webpage using properties and values. JavaScript adds dynamism and functionality to the webpage using variables, functions, objects, and more.
• Responsive design is implemented using various tools and frameworks that facilitate and expedite web development. Tools are programs or applications aiding in writing, testing, optimizing, and maintaining code. Some popular tools include Visual Studio Code, Chrome DevTools, Git, and more. Frameworks are sets of ready-made code offering solutions for common issues and tasks in responsive design. Some popular frameworks include Bootstrap, React, Angular, and more.
Understanding SSL Certificates
An SSL certificate is an electronic document that verifies the identity and security of a website or server on the internet. It enables the establishment of a secure and encrypted connection between the client (web browser) and the server (website), protecting exchanged data from interception, modification, and misuse. SSL certificates play a vital role in online business by instilling trust in users and customers that the website is authentic and safe for transactions.
Key Points about SSL Certificates:
- An SSL certificate consists of a public key, a private key, and a certification authority's signature. The public key is part of the certificate sent to the client and is used to encrypt data sent to the server. The private key, stored on the server, decrypts data received from the client. The certification authority's signature confirms the certificate's validity and issuance by a reliable issuer.
- SSL certificates rely on using SSL or TLS protocols, which secure communication on the internet. SSL and TLS protocols reside between the application and transport layers of the TCP/IP protocol, the fundamental protocol for data transmission on the internet. SSL and TLS protocols have two phases: handshake and transfer. The handshake establishes a secure connection between the client and server, exchanging certificates, keys, and encryption parameters. The transfer phase transmits data between the client and server using encrypted keys and algorithms.
- SSL certificates are measured by various characteristics, including type, level, length, validity period, and others. The certificate type determines the kind of domains or subjects the certificate covers, such as single-domain, multi-domain, wildcard, or extended validation certificates. The certificate level defines the depth and rigor of identity and security verification for the website or server, such as domain, organization, or extended validation. The certificate length determines the strength and security of the cryptographic key used for data encryption, such as 128-bit, 256-bit, 2048-bit, and others. The certificate's validity period indicates how long the certificate is valid and active, such as 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, and others.
Understanding SSL certificates is crucial for ensuring secure and trustworthy online communication.
An SSL certificate is an electronic document that verifies the identity and security of a website or server on the internet. It enables the establishment of a secure and encrypted connection between the client (web browser) and the server (website), protecting exchanged data from interception, modification, and misuse. SSL certificates play a vital role in online business by instilling trust in users and customers that the website is authentic and safe for transactions.
Key Points about SSL Certificates:
- An SSL certificate consists of a public key, a private key, and a certification authority's signature. The public key is part of the certificate sent to the client and is used to encrypt data sent to the server. The private key, stored on the server, decrypts data received from the client. The certification authority's signature confirms the certificate's validity and issuance by a reliable issuer.
- SSL certificates rely on using SSL or TLS protocols, which secure communication on the internet. SSL and TLS protocols reside between the application and transport layers of the TCP/IP protocol, the fundamental protocol for data transmission on the internet. SSL and TLS protocols have two phases: handshake and transfer. The handshake establishes a secure connection between the client and server, exchanging certificates, keys, and encryption parameters. The transfer phase transmits data between the client and server using encrypted keys and algorithms.
- SSL certificates are measured by various characteristics, including type, level, length, validity period, and others. The certificate type determines the kind of domains or subjects the certificate covers, such as single-domain, multi-domain, wildcard, or extended validation certificates. The certificate level defines the depth and rigor of identity and security verification for the website or server, such as domain, organization, or extended validation. The certificate length determines the strength and security of the cryptographic key used for data encryption, such as 128-bit, 256-bit, 2048-bit, and others. The certificate's validity period indicates how long the certificate is valid and active, such as 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, and others.
Understanding SSL certificates is crucial for ensuring secure and trustworthy online communication.
Understanding Tags in Web Development
A tag is an informatics term that denotes a label, tag, or identifier used in certain languages to describe web pages, such as HTML, XML, or SGML. Tags are written between the characters
Tags can also be used in other contexts, such as databases, where they provide information about records. They are also used on Wikipedia, where they are called wiki-tags, serving to format text and add links.
There are different types of tags, including:
- Opening and closing tags, used in pairs to mark the start and end of an element. For example,
- Self-closing tags, not used in pairs, indicating an element with no content. For example,
- Meta tags, used in the HTML document's header to provide information about the page, such as title, description, keywords, author, and more.
Understanding these tags is essential for effective web development and content presentation.
A tag is an informatics term that denotes a label, tag, or identifier used in certain languages to describe web pages, such as HTML, XML, or SGML. Tags are written between the characters
< and >, serving as instructions to browsers on how to display a specific element on the page. For example, <p> This is a paragraph </p> is a tag indicating the beginning and end of a paragraph.Tags can also be used in other contexts, such as databases, where they provide information about records. They are also used on Wikipedia, where they are called wiki-tags, serving to format text and add links.
There are different types of tags, including:
- Opening and closing tags, used in pairs to mark the start and end of an element. For example,
<b> and </b> are tags indicating bold text.- Self-closing tags, not used in pairs, indicating an element with no content. For example,
<br> is a tag indicating a line break.- Meta tags, used in the HTML document's header to provide information about the page, such as title, description, keywords, author, and more.
Understanding these tags is essential for effective web development and content presentation.
Understanding URLs: What They Are and How They Work
A URL (Uniform Resource Locator) is the address of a resource on the internet. It consists of various parts, some mandatory and others optional. The crucial components include the scheme, domain, and path. The scheme indicates the protocol the browser must use to fetch the resource, such as HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, MAILTO, etc. The domain signifies which web server is requested, typically a domain name but could also be an IP address. The path denotes the location of the resource on the web server, like a filename or directory.
An example URL is https://www.google.com/search?q=URL. This URL points to a webpage displaying search results for the query "URL" on the web server www.google.com. The scheme is https, indicating the secure version of the HTTP protocol. The domain is www.google.com, the domain name of the web server. The path is /search, representing a directory on the web server. Following the path is a question mark (?), marking the start of parameters. Parameters are additional information sent to the web server, such as keywords, filters, options, etc. In this case, the parameter is q=URL, signifying a search query for "URL".
URL is a fundamental concept on the internet, facilitating the simple and unambiguous retrieval of any resource. It also enables the interconnection of various resources, creating the network of information we call the World Wide Web.
A URL (Uniform Resource Locator) is the address of a resource on the internet. It consists of various parts, some mandatory and others optional. The crucial components include the scheme, domain, and path. The scheme indicates the protocol the browser must use to fetch the resource, such as HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, MAILTO, etc. The domain signifies which web server is requested, typically a domain name but could also be an IP address. The path denotes the location of the resource on the web server, like a filename or directory.
An example URL is https://www.google.com/search?q=URL. This URL points to a webpage displaying search results for the query "URL" on the web server www.google.com. The scheme is https, indicating the secure version of the HTTP protocol. The domain is www.google.com, the domain name of the web server. The path is /search, representing a directory on the web server. Following the path is a question mark (?), marking the start of parameters. Parameters are additional information sent to the web server, such as keywords, filters, options, etc. In this case, the parameter is q=URL, signifying a search query for "URL".
URL is a fundamental concept on the internet, facilitating the simple and unambiguous retrieval of any resource. It also enables the interconnection of various resources, creating the network of information we call the World Wide Web.
UI/UX Design: Crafting Digital Experiences
UI/UX design is a set of methods and techniques used to design digital products, such as websites and applications. The goal of UI/UX design is to create products that meet user needs and expectations, enhancing their satisfaction and loyalty.
User Interface (UI) design is the abbreviation for User Interface design, focusing on the visual and interactive elements of a product, such as colors, fonts, icons, buttons, animations, etc. A UI designer crafts an aesthetically appealing and functional interface to facilitate and improve user interaction with the product.
User Experience (UX) design is the abbreviation for User Experience design, involving research and analysis of user behavior, motivations, goals, problems, and frustrations. Based on this, a UX designer creates concepts, prototypes, and tests solutions that enable users to achieve their goals in the simplest and most pleasant way possible.
UI/UX design is crucial because it influences how users perceive and value a product. Good UI/UX design can increase user satisfaction, trust, and loyalty, while reducing development and maintenance costs. Poor UI/UX design can lead to dissatisfaction, abandonment, and negative product reviews.
UI/UX design is a set of methods and techniques used to design digital products, such as websites and applications. The goal of UI/UX design is to create products that meet user needs and expectations, enhancing their satisfaction and loyalty.
User Interface (UI) design is the abbreviation for User Interface design, focusing on the visual and interactive elements of a product, such as colors, fonts, icons, buttons, animations, etc. A UI designer crafts an aesthetically appealing and functional interface to facilitate and improve user interaction with the product.
User Experience (UX) design is the abbreviation for User Experience design, involving research and analysis of user behavior, motivations, goals, problems, and frustrations. Based on this, a UX designer creates concepts, prototypes, and tests solutions that enable users to achieve their goals in the simplest and most pleasant way possible.
UI/UX design is crucial because it influences how users perceive and value a product. Good UI/UX design can increase user satisfaction, trust, and loyalty, while reducing development and maintenance costs. Poor UI/UX design can lead to dissatisfaction, abandonment, and negative product reviews.
Web Server: Unveiling the Mechanics
A web server is a combination of software and hardware that facilitates access and exchange of web content over the internet. It can store and serve either static or dynamic content based on user requests.
Static content remains unchanged regardless of requests and includes HTML documents, images, CSS styles, JavaScript files, etc. Typically stored on the web server's hard disk, static content is sent to the user as is. Although faster and easier to serve and cache, static content is limited in functionality and interactivity.
Dynamic content is generated on-demand, usually using another program that communicates with the server, such as PHP, Python, Ruby, Java, etc. Dynamic content can be customized for the user or situation, such as web applications, forms, services, etc. While dynamic content is more flexible and feature-rich, it tends to be slower and more challenging to serve and cache.
When a user requests a webpage or another resource from a web server, they do so using the HTTP protocol. HTTP, short for Hypertext Transfer Protocol, is the standard communication method between the client (user agent, typically a web browser) and the server. An HTTP request contains a URL (Uniform Resource Locator), which is the address of the requested resource, along with additional information like headers, cookies, parameters, etc.
Upon receiving an HTTP request, the web server processes it, searches for the requested resource, and, if found and accessible, reads, processes, and sends it back to the user as an HTTP response. The HTTP response includes a status code indicating whether the request was successfully fulfilled, along with additional information like headers, cookies, content, etc.
If the resource does not exist or cannot be accessed, the server returns an error as an HTTP response. The most common error is 404 Not Found, indicating that the resource was not found on the server. Other error types include 403 Forbidden (user lacks permission to access the resource) or 500 Internal Server Error (a problem occurred on the server).
A web server is a crucial part of web architecture, enabling access and exchange of web content over the internet. It can be simple or complex, depending on user needs. It can store and serve various content types, including HTML, CSS, JavaScript, PHP, Python, Ruby, Java, etc. A web server can be static or dynamic, depending on whether the content changes based on requests.
A web server is a combination of software and hardware that facilitates access and exchange of web content over the internet. It can store and serve either static or dynamic content based on user requests.
Static content remains unchanged regardless of requests and includes HTML documents, images, CSS styles, JavaScript files, etc. Typically stored on the web server's hard disk, static content is sent to the user as is. Although faster and easier to serve and cache, static content is limited in functionality and interactivity.
Dynamic content is generated on-demand, usually using another program that communicates with the server, such as PHP, Python, Ruby, Java, etc. Dynamic content can be customized for the user or situation, such as web applications, forms, services, etc. While dynamic content is more flexible and feature-rich, it tends to be slower and more challenging to serve and cache.
When a user requests a webpage or another resource from a web server, they do so using the HTTP protocol. HTTP, short for Hypertext Transfer Protocol, is the standard communication method between the client (user agent, typically a web browser) and the server. An HTTP request contains a URL (Uniform Resource Locator), which is the address of the requested resource, along with additional information like headers, cookies, parameters, etc.
Upon receiving an HTTP request, the web server processes it, searches for the requested resource, and, if found and accessible, reads, processes, and sends it back to the user as an HTTP response. The HTTP response includes a status code indicating whether the request was successfully fulfilled, along with additional information like headers, cookies, content, etc.
If the resource does not exist or cannot be accessed, the server returns an error as an HTTP response. The most common error is 404 Not Found, indicating that the resource was not found on the server. Other error types include 403 Forbidden (user lacks permission to access the resource) or 500 Internal Server Error (a problem occurred on the server).
A web server is a crucial part of web architecture, enabling access and exchange of web content over the internet. It can be simple or complex, depending on user needs. It can store and serve various content types, including HTML, CSS, JavaScript, PHP, Python, Ruby, Java, etc. A web server can be static or dynamic, depending on whether the content changes based on requests.